What are neural tube defects (NTDs), spina bifida and anencephaly?
Neural tube defects are birth defects that affect the brain (anencephaly) and/or spinal cord (spina bifida). NTDs occur when the tissues that form the brain and spinal cord fail to develop properly. These defects occur in the first 4 weeks of fetal development - usually before a woman even knows she's pregnant.
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